与名词连用的such和so
安徽省巢湖市黄山中学 苏长青 238065
such和so的用法非常复杂,这里只讨论与名词连用的such和so。形容词such和副词so与名词连用时,它们都可以表示程度,意为“如此”、“这般”。其用法也比较复杂,近几年高考试题中常有针对这一考点的试题。现将其用法归纳如下:
1、这两个词都可与单数可数名词连用(这个名词前有形容词修饰),两者意思基本相同,只是不定冠词 a 的位置不同。如:
1)Tom has such a beautiful stamp . = Tom has so beautiful a stamp .
(汤姆有如此漂亮的一张邮票。)
2)He is such a kind man that he often help me . = He is so kind a man that he often help me .
(他真好,经常帮助我。)
3)He is such a famous singer that everyone knows him . = He is so famous a singer that everyone knows him .
(他是个如此著名的歌唱家,经致于每个人都认识他。)
2、如果被修饰的是不可数名词或可数名词的复数,就只能用such而不能用so 了。如:
1)It is such nice weather that I would like to go to the park .
(天气如此好以致于我想去公园了。)
weather 为不可数名词,前面只能用such 不能用so 。
2)They are such tall trees that nobody can climb up .
(这些树如此高以致于没人能爬上去。)
3)I must consider all such fresh possibilities .
(我必须考虑所有的这种新的可能性。)
以上两句中的 trees、possibilities 均为复数名词,前面也只能用 such 不能用so 。
3、如果复数名词之前有 many,few ;不可数名词之前有 much,little 等表示量多少的形容词时,就该用 so 而不用 such 了。如:
1)He bought so many books that she couldnt carry them home .
(他买了这么多书,以致于她不能带回家了。)
2)Ive had so many falls that Im black and blue all over .
(我摔了很多跤,全身被摔得青一块紫一块。)
3)There is so little ink in my pen that I cant go on writing .
(钢笔里只有如此少的墨水,以致于我不能接着写了。)
4)Mr White had so little money a month that he could hardly keep body and soul together .
(怀特先生一个月挣的钱如此少,以致于难以维持活命。)
4、但是,如果 little 不是表示数量的“少”,而是表示“小”的意思,仍要用 such 。如:
They were such little children that they cannot clean the house by themselves .
(这些孩子如此小,自己打扫不了房间。)